Menggunakan IEP dalam Kelas Besar: Menyeimbangkan Tujuan Umum dan Kebutuhan Individu
Keywords:
Individualized Education Program, Program Pembelajaran Individu, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Kelas Besar, Anak Berkebutuhan KhususAbstract
Individualized Education Program (IEP), atau yang umumnya dikenal
dengan Program Pembelajaran Individual (PPI), merupakan komponen
penting dalam pendidikan khusus karena memungkinkan penyesuaian
tujuan pembelajaran dengan kebutuhan dan kemampuan masingmasing
siswa. Namun, penerapan IEP dalam kelas besar, yakni kelas
yang terdiri dari lebih dari lima siswa berkebutuhan khusus,
menimbulkan tantangan baru dalam merancang arah pembelajaran yang
bersifat umum namun tetap responsif terhadap kebutuhan individu.
Tulisan ini merupakan studi kasus dari kelas drama yang berisi 20 siswa
berkebutuhan khusus di Sekolah Cita Buana. Sebagian besar siswa
berada dalam spektrum autisme dan seluruhnya termasuk dalam
kategori siswa dengan kebutuhan dukungan tinggi (high-support
students). Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana IEP dapat digunakan
secara simultan dalam kelas besar berdasarkan data observasi kelas,
dokumen IEP, serta rapor evaluasi siswa. Penekanan diberikan pada
upaya menjembatani kurikulum umum kelas drama dan kebutuhan
spesifik masing-masing siswa, serta strategi yang digunakan untuk
menciptakan pembelajaran yang harmonis dan bermakna di tengah
keberagaman. Penerapan strategi pembelajaran yang direkomendasikan
menghasilkan peningkatan keterlibatan dan kemampuan seni peran
siswa.
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